Mental health - Care Programme Approach Free Essay Example, 1750 words

Risk management refers to a course that aims to diminish the chance of unfavorable occasions within the situation of general management of a person to arraign the best possible result and deliver affective, appropriate care (Langan 2004, p. 4). Risk management works with the process of risk assessment because risk assessment informs the necessity and the urgency of risk management. Risk assessment refers to the process of estimating the chances of an adverse event taking place under certain conditions within a time frame (DOH 2008, p. 31). Care Programme Approach incorporates the processes of risk assessment and management as an integral component of its practice. Care Programme Approach emphasizes that a highly skilled person should conduct the practice of risk assessment since the results obtained from the practice defines the urgency and magnitude of involvement in risk management (Tew 2011, p. 37). This programme supports risk management because mentally ill people pose considerable danger to themselves and to other people. This happens because people with a mental problem do not have a full command of their own mental faculties, and they are more susceptible to engage in self destructive behavior than sane people (Hall & Callaghan 2010, 97). We will write a custom essay sample on Mental health - Care Programme Approach or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The Care Programme Approach recognizes that poor risk management can result to safety concerns for patients and staffs since mentally ill people can cause injuries to others and to self (Langan 2004, p. 6). There is a serious concern to reduce the number of suicides, which result from mental illness, coupled with inaccurate risk management. However, a closer reflection on practice setting for the sick elderly brings ethical problems and emotional controversies due to the pathetic conditions that prevail some of these facilities (Department of Health 2008, 3). Nurses neglect the old people while others abuse them physically or emotionally because they are helpless. The strong smell of human urine hits a person’s nose anytime one comes to the apartments where these people sleep. However, there are few facilities that are well maintained (DOH 2008, p. 26). The Care Programme Approach has several components and principles that guide its practice, and act as reference points for individual staff evaluation and programme evaluation (Natalie 2010, p. 69). The components include inpatient and outpatient services for patient with mental problems, inter-agency linkages for patients who require different services from  several agencies and assessment risks.

Self-Development Program at Work - 1844 Words

Self-development Programs Self-development, as defined by Wikipedia, is a deliberate focus by the individual on self-improvement and the self-realization of their goals and desires. Self-development can be physical, experiential, mental, emotional or spiritual. Self-development is essentially the exploration of self. The motivation to undertake Self-development begins with a desire to realize our higher selves through transcending the negative qualities and behaviors we have learned and adopted throughout our lives. Why are personal growth, development, and continued learning so important? Personal growth is an ongoing process of self-discovery and crucial to achieving success in every area of your life. Jim Rohn, known as Americas†¦show more content†¦Programs offered: Here are some of the major types of self-development programs offered. 1. Career Development Career development is the study and practice of improving our career and personal goals. There are few things as important as having a career development plan when it comes to excelling in life and accelerating in our chosen field. It is vital that we have a clear sense of the direction we would like to head with our career. This program covers key life skills and competencies that will help us to better understand ourselves, overcome difficulties, productively cooperate with others, and enhance the quality of our life. Career development can help us achieve greater happiness and fulfilment. Research shows that people who actively manage their lives and careers generally have high levels of satisfaction due to striving for and achieving personal goals, they are well-informed, success learners; are less stressed, and therefore have less physical and emotional ill-health and they are open to new opportunities. Our program will explore ways to enhance creative and strategic thinking and create a more innovative and productive working environment. You will learn how to: †¢ Detect new opportunities and possibilities. †¢ Generate original ideas to increase efficiency and productivity. †¢ Apply creative and strategic thinking approaches. †¢ Handle obstacles at the workplace through enhanced self-confidence and job satisfaction. 2. 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Hurricane georges Essay Example For Students

Hurricane georges Essay Hurricane georges Essay A very massive group of levees may be all that is in the way of lower lying New Orleans and destruction with a visit from Hurricane Georges. Without the levee system and concrete flood walls Georges could have catastrophic effects in New Orleans. But with this man-made hurricane protection system protecting the city people. New Orleans is spared the casualties and damage past storms have wrought. The levee system is important because the city is like a saucer 6 feet below sea level and is surrounded by lakes, swamps, marshes and the Mississippi River. The fact is, we are living in a large, shallow bowl with a levee around it, said Oliver Houck, a Tulane University law professor whose major is water resources. The New Orleans area and location have allowed hurricanes and floods to prey on its residents since as early as 1718. A year after New Orleans was laid out, a low levee had to be constructed. As the city grew, the need for a better levee system has been a lasting issue. The levees were built taller and stronger, but hurricanes in 1915 and 1947 flooded the city killing about 200 and 47 people. The current hurricane protection system was approved by Congress in 1965 after Hurricane Betsy killed 81 people in southern Louisiana. Hundreds of millions of dollars has produced what may be the worlds most elaborate flood protection system, said Jim Addison, chief of public affairs for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers New Orleans District, which builds and monitors the levees. The levees along the south shore of Lake Pontchartrain and other key areas are designed to protect the city from a fast-moving hurricane of Georges power. The levees work together with channels that shift flood waters to strong pumping stations. Then water is sent back into the lake. But Georges is moving slowly, meaning up to 25 inches of rain could fall on New Orleans and the wind could push the lake over the levees. Hurricane Georges caused an estimated $1 billion in insured property damage in four Gulf Coast states. This made it the costliest hurricane in the United States this year., The cost is nearly three times as much as that of Hurricane Bonnie, which cost insurers in the North and South Carolina and Virginia $360 million earlier this year. And Georges cost dominates the $25 million in damage from this years Hurricane Earl, which edged the Florida coast, Georgia and South Carolina .But Georges cost is not close to the $15. 5 billion in insured losses from Hurricane Andrew, which hit south Florida, Louisiana and Texas in 1992. Its the nations costliest hurricane.The Projections do not include flood damage, which is not covered by homeowners insurance. The flooding is bad news for thousands of homeowners returning to their waterlogged property and for taxpayers. Most homeowners in the counties hit by Georges had not purchased flood protection from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, which means they will likely seek low-interest federal loans to help recover. Insured storm damage from Hurricane Georges also was estimated at $1 billion in the Caribbean. Most of those losses, in a region where just 30% of households are insured, came from damage to businesses. Nearly a month after Hurricane Georges hit the islands of the northern Caribbean, bodies of the dead are still turning up in Haiti, pushing the Caribbean death toll higher and higher. Poor communications in Haiti delayed reports on deaths, injuries and damages from the storm. Its toll has risen to 213 and is likely to top 240, a civil defense official said Monday. Georges is now being blamed for killing at least 509 people across the Caribbean, including 283 in the Dominican Republic. A report on storm damage from Haitis northern district has yet to be completed, he said. .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d , .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .postImageUrl , .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d , .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:hover , .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:visited , .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:active { border:0!important; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:active , .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1032cbb3e845bd05470b4cf109167c8d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Health and Nutrition Essay Some 30 people were reported missing and feared dead from the storm, which struck Haiti on Sept. 23, Deslorges said. Most of the Haitian deaths were blamed on flooding and mud slides in rural, mountainous areas. For generations, Haitian peasants have cut down trees to make charcoal, denuding mountains and leaving them unable to absorb rainfall. A flash flood nearly destroyed the .

To what extent are Conflict and Love inextricably linked in the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare Essay Example

To what extent are Conflict and Love inextricably linked in the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare Essay Romeo and Juliet is one of the most well known plays ever written, and part of the works that made William Shakespeare famous. The plays inextricable link between love and conflict is analysed by looking at the plays characters and actions. In the play, Shakespeare entwined fact and fiction, by looking at the history of romance in a foreign country and mixing his research with his own storytelling genious. The country at matter is Italy, at around the fifteenth century. Marriage in Italy was a very male empowered topic; females would have no say in who they married and girls often married at the premature age of fourteen or fifteen.The husband was also often chosen as a suitably rich or powerful ally for the family of the female. Romeo and Juliet is also famous for its sudden twists and turns in the feeling or theme of the play. The play shares two genres, love, an intense feeling of deep affection, and conflict, a serious disagreement or argument often linked with hatred. These two feelings, love and hate, often occur side by side, and such is so in Romeo and Juliet. The characters and events that exist in the play mirror the two themes, love and conflict, and its upon those same characters and events which this essay is analysed.The storyline of Romeo and Juliet is one of the most well known around. The play starts straight off with conflict, where a few servants of the two ruling families, the Montagues (Romeos family) and the Capulets (Juliets family). It is at the start where we learn Romeo is in love with a woman named Rosaline. We also learn that Juliet is arranged to be married to Paris, who is associated with the Prince of the State. Later in the first act of the play, Romeo and his compatriots learn of a ball held at the Capulet household, which they gatecrash. It is there which the two main characters, Romeo and Juliet, meet, and instantly fall in love, immediately causing conflict with the expectations of Juliets family.After the ball, Romeo and Jul iet continue to meet, often in dangerous situations, and eventually they decide to get married, without the knowledge of their parents. The local vicar, Friar Lawrence, is persuaded to marry the young lovers. After all of the arrangements are made, with Juliets Nurse acting as the babysitter, Romeo and Juliet are married secretly by the Friar.Tybalt, Juliets cousin, continues to rage about Romeos appearance at the Capulet ball, and challenges him to a fight, but Romeo refuses as he secretly knows hes related to Tybalt, but Romeos friends are angry with his refusal, which results in a fight between Romeos friend, Mercutio, and Tybalt. The swordfight results in Mercutios death, which outrages Romeo to the point where he chases Tybalt and kills him. This results in the Prince of the State banishing Romeo from the city, Verona, and from his new wife, Juliet. After his banishing, Romeo despairs to Friar Lawrence and after one last night with his wife, he leaves Verona, but only after Jul iets father arranges her to marry Paris, as still no-one knows about Romeo.Hoping to amend the situation he caused by marrying them, Friar Lawrence comes up with a plan. He plans to use a drug that will make Juliet appear dead for a temporary period, meaning that she could not marry Paris if everyone thought she was dead. Friar Lawrence attempts to notify Romeo by letter-on-horseback, but the letter never reaches and so Juliet, whod taken the drug the night before her proposed marriage day, appeared dead without Romeo knowing that she was still alive.The play comes to a climax when Romeo hears news of Juliets death. Friar Lawrence learns that Romeo hadnt received the letter and hurries to Juliets tomb, hoping Romeo hadnt arrived first, but he was too late. Romeo had arrived before Friar Lawrence and had found Paris, in Juliets tomb, praying. This caused the pair to fight, which results in Paris death. Romeo, then resigned to death, makes an emotional speech over Juliets body before consuming a deadly poison he bought from an apothecary. Juliet awakens to find Romeo dead and goes on to kill herself with a sword, ending a play of tragedy, love and conflict.The first scene of the whole play is an action-packed and enlightening scene. Act One, Scene One starts with a fight, which builds audience expectation early on, between Montague and Capulet servants, who go by the names of Gregory, Sampson and Abraham. Benvolio, of the Montague family then enters, followed by Tybalt of the Capulet family. After a lot of threats and insults, such as when Tybalt says What, drawn and talk of peace? I hate the word, As I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee. Have at thee coward!, fighting breaks out between the pair.The battle immediately stops when Lord and Lady Montague, Lord and Lady Capulet, with some officers. Harsh words and insults are spoken between the Head-males of the two families before The Prince of the State enters and threatens all involved to banish or kill anyone w ho starts another fight between the Montagues and the Capulets. Everyone leaves the market-place except for the Montagues Benvolio and Lord and Lady Capulet. They discuss Romeos withdrawn behaviour, about how he stays in his room for days on end. This discussion is short, as Romeo enters, provoking his parents to leave. Benvolio then interrogates Romeo about his behaviour, to which Romeo explains is due to his love for a woman named Rosaline, encapsulating the idea of courtly love of the time. This is the end of Act One, Scene One, ending a scene of love and conflict, proving that conflict can be followed by love, and that there is even a link between the two, even in such obscure circumstances.In Romeo and Juliet, when Shakespeare wrote the play, he created a lot of conflict. He did this for a number of reasons, one of which was to create tension within the characters, adding to the emotive attraction of the play. He also did it purposefully to contradict the other theme of the pl ay, love, to add morals to the storyline, such as Conflict can lead to love or vice versa. Maybe the most logical reason he added conflict to the play was to make the play successful and tragic. Without conflict, Tybalt couldnt have started the fight which led to Romeo being banished, which would ruin the storyline, as without conflict the play either wouldnt work or wouldnt be as effective and well known as it is to this day.The same goes for love. No-one knows how Shakespeare planned the play to be, but if he planned it without the theme of love, then it certainly wouldnt be as effective as it is with the genre of love involved in the play. There are also different types of love involved in the play, and the way people think about love differently. For example, when Romeo is declaring his love for Juliet in the Balcony Scene (Act Two, Scene Two), he tries to tell his lover how he feels about her by comparing his love to other things.He told her Lady, by yonder blessed moon I swear , That tips with silver all these fruit-tree tops. By this hes telling her he loves her as much as fruit-trees love the moon, but Juliet tries to get Romeo not to compare his love to another object, but to swear his love by himself. She replies to the previous quote O, swear not by the moon, the inconstant moon. This shows that Shakespeare intended to link love and conflict, even down to the different types love involved, with the conflict in this scene being that Romeo would face death if he was caught. This makes the audience expect that as soon as one genre occurred in the storyline; the other wouldnt be too far behind, so if there was a love scene, a battle or conflict scene would more than likely be coming very soon, in the audiences opinion.As this essay is based on the link between love and conflict, this section will focus on the link between the two within a specific character, the character being Romeo. Romeo is the subject of a lot of love and conflict in the play, but no t only normal love and conflict, but undying love for Juliet, his friends and his family, as well as courtly love for Rosaline at the beginning of the play, and conflict between others and also himself, self-conflict.Romeos love is clear throughout the play. Although he does not declare it during the play, it is obvious he has a loving respect for his parents, such as when, in Act 1, Scene 1, he approaches Benvolio and asks Was that my father that went hence so fast? With this quote he obviously respects his father enough to recognise his position and with that position comes love. His love for his friends is undeniable. This is proved when his friend, Mercutio, is killed by the Capulet, Tybalt, in Act 3, Scene 1. His love for Mercutio is so great that when he realises his friend is dead, he is willing to die for him. This is shown in the quote Mercutios soul is but a little way above our heads,Either thou or I, or both, must go with him.This quote shows Romeo describing Mercutios s oul as a little way above our heads, from which he means he has only just died or only just on his way up to heaven. Also, from the second part of that quote, Either thou or I, or both, must go with him, means that one or both of the pair must also die to make up for Mercutios death and join him in death. This is an example of how love and conflict are linked, as his love for Mercutio leads to his conflict with Tybalt. His love for Juliet is clear throughout the play, but moreso at the end of they play, when he believes she is dead. Not only is he saddened at the loss of his lover, but he feels he must die with her because he cant live without her. The point of death shows us this.As Romeo stands above Juliets body, he proclaims Heres to my love!Thus with a kiss I die. Also, linking back to the introductory paragraph, it was fashionable for young men to be seen as in love with a woman who is out of his league and possibly married. This is called courtly love. This was the case for R omeo, right at the beginning of the play, when he felt he was in love with a woman called Rosaline, even though she wasnt interested in him. He tells Benvolio this in Act 1, Scene 1 with the quote Out of her favour where I am in love. By this quote he means that hes in love with Rosaline, but her feelings arent mutual.Conflict also plays a big part in the play for Romeo. Most of this conflict is with others, but this conflict seems to be just and is linked with his love for his friends and Juliet. There is conflict between himself and Tybalt, after Tybalt kills Mercutio, which seems to be warranted considering what Tybalt had done to his friend. Also, at the end of the play in Juliets tomb, Romeo fights with Paris as Romeo thinks Paris is an intruder trying to harm the body, and Paris probably thinks the same of Romeo.For this reason, a mistaken identity, they fight, and Paris becomes the second person on the list of people killed by Romeo. This mistaken identity is proved by Paris quote This is that banished haughty MontagueAnd here is come to do some villainous shame to the dead bodies. This proves that Paris thinks that Romeo is in the tomb to try and vandalise the bodies within, but I feel that Romeo has no clue who Paris is and probably thinks the same of him when he first sees him.As well as armed conflict between himself and others, there is also another type of conflict for Romeo to deal with self-conflict. This occurs on numerous occasions but the most recognisable in the play is when Romeo has spent his last night with Juliet, at the Capulet mansion, and his heart and mind are conflicting into whether to leave and be safe, or to stay (which he wants to do) and face death as a result of not leaving the city after being banished. This self conflict is found in the quote I must be gone and live, or stay and die. This is soon followed with Let me be taen, let me be put to death; I am content. This shows that he is fighting a battle between his heart and mind, about what he knows he should do and what he wants to do. In the end, his mind prevails and he leaves Juliet to leave the State of Verona.Love and conflict appear everywhere in the play, and within almost everyone. Romeos actions often link the two, which is what makes him such an interesting character, as the audience believe that there is always likely to be love or conflict occurring whenever Romeo takes the stage.Friar Lawrence is a key character in the play, Romeo and Juliet, because of his decisions or the consequences of his decisions. The first decision he is forced to make by Romeo, should he marry the two young lovers without the knowledge of their parents? He decides to marry them because he feels that it may stop the feud between their two families, which was famous around the city of Verona, if the young couple are brought together in holy matrimony. He gives this reason to Romeo in the quote In one respect Ill thy assistant be; For this alliance may so happy pro ve, To turn your households rancour to pure love. What Friar Lawrence didnt know was that Juliets father, Lord Capulet, was arranging for Juliet to marry Paris. This brought another problem Juliet cant get married twice.Even though Romeos banishment from the city didnt help, it shouldnt have caused the tragedy it did, when the two young lovers both eventually killed themselves. The Friars solution to the Juliet marriage problem was to give her a potion which made her appear dead, and so if evereyone thought she was dead, she couldnt marry Paris. The potion would wear off a few days after consumption and Juliet would wake up, but the Friar had a problem.He wrote a letter to Romeo, who was banished from the city, telling him of his actions, but the important letter never reached Romeo who, when he heard the news of Juliets death took serious actions, which led to him commit suicide at Juliets tomb. The moment when Friar Lawrence found out about the undelivered letter was about three hours before Juliets awakening. He heard it from Friar John, the man who was supposed to deliver the letter. After Friar Lawrence asked Who bare my letter then to Romeo?, Friar John replied I could not send it, here it is again- Nor get a messenger to bring it thee, So fearful were they of infection. This spelled disaster for Friar Lawrence, but he had one last solution to save the youngsters and cover up his tracks.Friar Lawrence went to Juliets tomb to try to get her sleeping body and bring it back to his cell before anyone arrived at the tomb and before Juliet woke up to find no Romeo. He talked of his action to Friar John, saying Now must I to the monument alone; Within this three hours will fair Juliet wake. It was probably the most logical decision he made thoughout the play, but he never had time to carry out his plan as by the time he had reached the tomb, he found the bodies of Paris, Romeo and Juliet all dead, a true tragedy created by the mixture of love and conflict.The irony of the play exists on Friar Lawrences part when, in his first decision to marry the two young lovers, all he wanted was to end the conflict between the Montagues and Capulets. After all of the tragic events, this is exactly what happened. Lord Mantague and Lord Capulet found their feud was foolish and so the two families became allies, even in the face of tragedy. Friar Lawrences descisions created love in the play, such as when he married Romeo and Juliet, but they also caused tragedy, such as when Romeo didnt receive the Friars letter which led to three needless and tragic deaths. This shows that love and conflict are linked throughout the play and that they are linked in different ways. For example, love can lead to conflict, conflict can lead to love, love can lead to love and conflict can lead to conflict, all of which are reflected in Friar Lawrences actions.Shakespeares use of love and conflict within Romeo and Juliet causes different impressions on different people. I feel the use of the two is linked to fate and free will. Fate is events out of a persons control and predetermined. Free will is acting at your own discretion, making your own decisions. I believe that love is fate and conflict is free will. Romeo and Juliet is based a lot on fate and free will and this is a pattern in some of Shakespeares most famous works.When reading Romeo or Juliet, or watching it as a play, the audience probably wouldnt recognise the fate and free will aspect of the play, but the aspects of love and conflict in the play would be picked up and the audiences emotions would reflect this. The audience would empathise with the characters throughout the play, living every tragic moment, but also every romantic moment. They would also begin to expect what was going to come next, as theyd think after a love scene thered be a conflict scene, but would often be surprised, as the play isnt repetitive and there is a mixture of love and conflict scenes all the way through the play.The combination of love and conflict in Romeo and Juliet is a successful combination for tragedy, but not only that. Love can cause conflict and conflict can cause love, but also love can cause love and conflict can cause conflict and theres so many different types of love and conflict that a whole essay could be written on just that topic. Love and conflict do cause tragedy, but they also cause so many different emotions and events which is what makes Romeo and Juliet such an exquisite play, and why people are still reading and watching film adaptations of it to this day.

Marketing Case free essay sample

Under the Umbrella positioning our target customers are Indian middle class families currently owning 2-wheelers for 4-5 person commuting and graduating youngsters for whom Anna would appeal as a stylish alternative while still maintaining invulnerability and affordability of a 2-wheeler. India is a developing economy with a rapidly growing segment of middle class consumers that aspires for a car ownership.The Indian auto industry is projected to grow ATA 17% annually with an automobile production of 1 1 MN in 2008-09. Out of this 75% are 2 wheeler owners which we believe is a very good potential market for Anna. We will utilize our strong reputation and long standing relationships to co-liaise with suppliers for inventing this light weight car. By continuing to position our brand as for the people and high-quality, marketing will remain consistent through dealerships.Business objectives for the Anna Nikkei Lexis High technology and small size defined the advent Of Anna ( which means small in Guajarati ) in the Indian auto market. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The prefix is also originally derived from the Greek voodoo, meaning dwarf (a Anna = ION-9 in the metric system). Data with this product entered a blue ocean market, the business strategy highly motivated by the Collaborative marketing strategy defined by what customers need to make a better life. Our sales goal for Data Anna in its first year of launch is 1. 46 MN Nanas. Anna should launch 50000 Nanas precooked) initially limited by the plant production capacity and selling on a rolling basis with the set-up of the new plant at Sand, Gujarat Automobile production Type of Vehicle 2008-09 Market share Comments Passenger vehicle 1,838,593 16% Indict was behind Marti 800 (leader in passenger vehicles) Commercial vehicle 41 6,870 4% Data was the leader Three wheelers 497,020 Potential to tap this market for taxi conversions Two wheelers 75% Very good potential market for Anna Total 11,172,275 100% With an initial investment of 3* 1500 scores INNER Data aliased with 100 different appliers to get a starting production capacity of 1 MN (350,000 Nanas from new plant built in Singer, West Bengal and 2 additional plants with similar capacity). They shifted to a new site at Sand, Gujarat due to protests from farmers on claiming their land and also set up a temporary manufacture site at HTML Pentagon. Capacity of this plant was only 50000 Nanas.Market for Data An na Andrew Expanding middle class= 5%in 2005, 19% in 2015, Anna launched in 2009, can take a an average of 12% as the potential middle class 1. 1 Bin*12% (middle class)* (12/1 000 car ownership) = 1. Mann potential car owners Segment Description Main competitor models -Price range (INNER) Entry level hatchback Marti 800 200,000 Alto Hatchback Indict 300,000 Honda motorcycles/Scooters/Mopeds Switch rate from other cars would be very less. New users would buy Anna as opposed to Marti 800/Alto/Tv;uh wheeler (1 7% growth rate * 1. Mann 270,000 new car owners) Switch rate from two wheelers ( {17% growth rate *8. 419 MN new users+ 8. Man old users} *20% switchers= 1,970,230) Nanas market share 20% from Marti + 10% from its own share = 30% * 81 000 Nanas market share from two wheelers= 70% (due to lower cost) * . Man -?1. Man 81000+ 1. Man -?1. Man Potential Economic risks and challenges- Safety and quality issues arising due to reduction in costs associated with manufacturing. But Indian suppliers saw it as an opportunity to expand their own operations and the goodwill amongst the society for Data helped the cause. Rather than improving life for the masses it would do harm by putting millions more passenger cars on Indians already congested roads poorly maintained roads increasing air pollution at odds with tats green initiative Target market AndrewIntroduce STEP framework, continues into positioning statement We can include the company, consumer and competitors (ACS) here in this question: Company history Consumer : Segmentation (age/demographics/income) price elasticity Competitors-substitutes (scooters/taxis/authoritarians in India), competitors (cheaper than Marti,Zen, smaller cars) Positioning and rationale Our official position statement for the Data Anna is the following: To middle class Indian individuals, the Data Anna is the worlds cheapest car that promises a safe and reliable way of transportation, based on the Data Groups instancing reputatio n of being trustworthy and having strong ethics. Based on all the research and development that has gone into making it a light and affordable car, the Anna offers an added value to the two sub-groups of aspiring car owners we identified: 1 . To Indian middle class families, the Anna provides safety, reliability, space and comfort 2.To young individuals going up the hierarchy ladder or graduating, the Anna represents a stylish alternative while still maintaining invulnerability and affordability of a 2-wheeler. Owning a car is also often considered a token of status in India. Note that individuals within these two groups might either use public transportation or own motorcycles. These two sub-groups do not look for technology and innovation, but rather practical solutions and convenience. We therefore target the late majority and laggards in Rorers Diffusion Curve. Another reason to believe in the cars success consists in that the Anna is the car potential buyers didnt know they needed, between the motorbike and the small passenger car, which sets it apart in prospects view.According to Levitys Product Augmentation framework, the Anna represents an augmented product when compared to 2-wheelers, and therefore exceeds expectations (stables for extra safety, roof for poor weather conditions and space for luggage storing or extra passengers), providing customer delight. As the most affordable car in the country/world, it the best alternative for every individual that has a WET (willingness to pay) equal or higher than 1 lake. To sum up, the Anna offers superior service at an affordable price, which is the very essence of value proposition (see our proposed STEP strategic planning below). In order to explain the rationale of our recommendation and prove why we insider it superior to other potential positioning alternatives, lees have a look at the ups. The product, Data Anna, is according to the Group the cheapest car in the world, without having the image of being cheap, therefore avoiding having a negative perception from potential consumers. Keeping reliability, safety and quality remains credible as Data Motors already has experience in the automobile industry, with the production of passenger- cars since 1991 and representing 16. 45% of market-share (notably thanks to the visibility of the Indict). Therefore, and in terms of pricing, the Anna indubitably needs to adopt a penetration strategy (high SOME share of available addressable market share) due its low cost, which means low margin in absolute value.Pricing the Anna at less than half the price of its main competitor, the Suzuki Marti, while offering similar features and quality (see Exhibit 4 of the given case), is a strong differentiator. In terms of place, Data Motors plan to produce the Anna in the Sand plant, and make it available nationwide through the companys 214 dealerships. This guarantees proximity to potential customers at least in urban areas. Data was also thinking about contracting with entrepreneurial engineers in order to reach rural areas, which is something we would not recommend as quality would in this case be unreliable, which contradicts our positioning statement. In addition, most Indians with a high enough WET for a Anna are located in urban areas, therefore limiting potential profits (at least for now) in rural Indian.We will develop our ideas regarding promotion and distribution in the following section. Implications on distribution (selling channels) and promotion (marketing communications): Mark Positioning Targeted at growing middle class (Disposable income RSI 200,000 to 1 million, growth from 5% to 1 up to 41% in 2025), with a median age of 25 year olds in Indian. Character of consumers: while spending increases (1 7% for transportation in 2005, equating to 85,000 to 1 70,000 RSI), absolute values of income stay low equating to savvy consumers that desire value Competition: Will need to compete for coll ege aged value seekers, in both motorcycle and entry level hatchback segments.

S ubject Outline Essays - Education, Euthenics, Knowledge Sharing

S ubject Outline Essays - Education, Euthenics, Knowledge Sharing S ubject Outline Subject Name : Financial Institutions and Markets Subject Code: BX2032 . Study Period: SP 5 2 , 201 7 Study Mode: Internal Campus: Singapore Subject Coordinator: M r Richard Kent Subject Lecturer : D r T Y Thong Pre-requisites: BU 1003 https://secure.jcu.edu.au/app/studyfinder/?subject=BU1003 OR EC 1005 https://secure.jcu.edu.au/app/studyfinder/index.cfm?subject=EC1005year=2010 EC 1001 https://secure.jcu.edu.au/app/studyfinder/index.cfm This subject outline has been prepared by Dr Ray McNamara for the College of Business, Law and Governance , Division of Tropical Environments and Societies , James Cook University. Updated DATE \@ "d MMMM yyyy" \* MERGEFORMAT 14 July 2017 . Q1. This subject is offered across more than one campus and/or mode and/or teaching period within the one calendar year . Yes FORMCHECKBOX No FORMCHECKBOX Q2. If yes [Q1], the design of all offerings of this subject ensure the same learning outcomes and assessment types and weighting s . Yes FORMCHECKBOX No FORMCHECKBOX Q3. If no [Q2], _________________________ has authorised any variations , in terms of equivalence . Copyright 201 4 This publication is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism, or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process or placed in computer memory without written permission. Contents TOC \h \z \t "Head 1,1,Head 2,2" Section 1. Subject at a Glance PAGEREF _Toc398277663 \h 4 1.1 Staff contact details PAGEREF _Toc398277664 \h 4 1.2 Student participation requirements PAGEREF _Toc398277665 \h 4 1.3 Key dates PAGEREF _Toc398277666 \h 5 Section 2. Subject Details PAGEREF _Toc398277667 \h 5 2.1 Subject description PAGEREF _Toc398277668 \h 5 2.2 Subject and course learning outcomes PAGEREF _Toc398277669 \h 5 2.3 Learning and teaching in this subject PAGEREF _Toc398277670 \h 6 2.4 Student feedback on subject PAGEREF _Toc398277671 \h 6 2.5 Subject resources and special requirements PAGEREF _Toc398277672 \h 6 Section 3. Assessment Details PAGEREF _Toc398277673 \h 7 3.1 Requirements for completion of subject PAGEREF _Toc398277674 \h 7 3.2 Feedback on student learning PAGEREF _Toc398277676 \h 7 3.3 Assessment Tasks PAGEREF _Toc398277677 \h 7 Section 4. Other Information about Assessment and Student Support PAGEREF _Toc398277678 \h 10 4.1 Submission and return of assessment PAGEREF _Toc398277679 \h 10 4.2 Plagiarism and referencing PAGEREF _Toc398277680 \h 10 4.3 Important advice relating to examinations PAGEREF _Toc398277681 \h 10 4.4 Student support PAGEREF _Toc398277682 \h 10 Section 5. Subject Calendar PAGEREF _Toc398277683 \h 12 Section 6. Assessment Criteria Sheets (Rubric) PAGEREF _Toc398277684 \h 12 Section 1. Subject at a Glance The following summary provides a quick reference to the most important aspects of this subject. Please ensure that you have read the entire subject guide in full. 1.1 Staff contact details The following staff members are responsible for the preparation or delivery of this subject. Please contact the relevant staff member if you have any concerns during the study period. Teaching team Staff member Room Phone# Email Consultation times* Subject Coordinator Mr Richard Kent [emailprotected] Lecturer Dr T Y Thong C03-01 +65 6709 3725 [emailprotected] By appointment Tutor Dr T Y Thong C03-01 +65 6709 3725 [emailprotected] *Other consultation times by appointment only. # other contact modes - Skype address 1.2 Student participation requirements The JCU Learning, Teaching and Assessment Policy (4.3) indicates that, "a 3 credit point subject will require a 130 hour work load of study-related participation (including class attendance) over the duration of the study period, irrespective of mode of delivery". This work load comprises timetabled hours and other attendance requirements, as well as personal study hours, including completion of assessment requirements. Note that "attendance at specified classes may be a mandatory requirement for satisfactory completion of some subjects" (Learning, Teaching and Assessment Policy, 5.9); and that additional hours may be required per week for those students in need of English language, numeracy or other learning support. For external mode, there will be a minimum of four (4) online tutorial sessions for this subject. These will be conducted using Collaborate' in LearnJCU. It is highly recommended that you attend these sessions. How these sessions are run is largely dependent upon the attendance and participation of external students. The content of these sessions will focus on the questions selected by the subject coordinator and any other problems students may be facing. Potential, dates, times and class activities will be discussed via the LearnJCU bulletin board once semester commences prior to each

Purpose Statement, Review, and Development Essay

Purpose Statement, Review, and Development - Essay Example On the one hand, there is a prominent view that the polygraph testing needs to be more extensively employed in the national security and, on the other hand, scientific experts and security authorities are divided on the question. The proposed paper attempts to come to a logical conclusion on this hot topic of debate and scrutiny, and the findings of the study will have a decisive role on the future investigations on the question. The modern global context of amounting terrorist attacks and other nuclear threats has caused national security to be one of the major concerns of international community. In this background, several studies on the utility of polygraph in ensuring National Security have been conducted and every new study has a vital function in determining the significance of polygraph. One may also notice that there has been no consensus on the utility of polygraphs in national security, and the topic has always been one of the most controversial questions in the national security sector. The Department of Energy (DOE) has been making attempts to set up polygraph screening for the employees and applicants as a measure to ensure security in the national nuclear weapons laboratories. There were severe criticisms against the presumptions of DOE that the tests would identify subversives and put off potential terrorists. The sub-panel of Sandia’s Senior Scientists and Engineers who made a profoun d analysis on ‘Polygraphs and Security’ concluded that â€Å"there is no adequate scientific basis for this assumption. No specific polygraphic or behavioral response has been directly linked to the act of deception†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Polygraphs and Security, 1999). It was also specified by them that the subjective factors involved in the administration and interpretation of polygraph tests point to their limitations with regard to national security. Therefore, it is of central implication to have a precise analysis of the matters

Discuss the view that the differences between the German and Japanese Essay

Discuss the view that the differences between the German and Japanese economic institutions are so great that they cannot be viewed as being part of the same family of economies - Essay Example Since these companies do not need to operate in a government controlled environment, they have an access to an educated and trained labour force (Noel, 2004, p. 3; Pavitt, 1999, p. 5). The economies of Germany and Japan are two major examples of coordinated market economies (CMEs) in the world. Unlike the situation in United States and United Kingdom, these nations do not implement high-end regulations in their bank structure primarily due to the informal structure of organisation. However, despite the integral business environment being the same, many-a-times it is difficult to conceive them as part of the same group due to the diverse nature of their economies. The present paper takes up the issue and tries to figure out the extent to which the German and Japanese economic institutions differ from each other. Corporate governance in economic institutions located at Japan and Germany are almost similar to each other. Institutions in these nations are characterised by senior managers sitting at the head of the power unlike in case of liberal market economies, where the culture of corporate governance is seldom found. The shareholders are the ultimate owners of the organisations, although no corporate board structure is present in them. Though the strategies which these nations abide by have rendered them to a position much behind that of USA, the financial institutions of the former nations are believed to be fast picking up with those indigenous to the latter (Baums, Buxbaum & Hopt, 1994). Corporate governance in these nations is strengthened more due to the emphasis that company goodwill is being paid rather than in case of liberal market economies like the USA where people are more concerned about the final pay-off only (Jackson, 2005). Germany had been a capitalist at its heart at the time of unification. It had been one of the most popular of

Inclusion in the Classroom Essay Example for Free

Inclusion in the Classroom Essay Generally, when people describe the term inclusion they might use words like accepted, welcomed, valued, and togetherness. With word inclusion having the ability to generate these types of positive emotions, why wouldn’t one want to incorporate full-inclusion into the classroom? Its hard to see the potential pitfalls when looking at the developmental benefits from including students with more severe disabilities into the classroom, yet there are still concerns regarding inclusion. Parents of children with disabilities, parent of children without disabilities, and even general education teachers have voiced their opinion on why full-inclusion may not be the best solution for all disability students. Weather its the case of not being able to accommodate the student with the necessary amount of movement breaks throughout the day, or having the student feeling constant pressure to keep up with the rest of the class (Falcone, K. 2012). There is also the concern that keeping disability students away from a specialized educational setting is simply depriving them of an appropriate education, and that proper special education is individualized (Fuchs Fuchs, 1995). Parents with disabled children have even challenged the idea of Full-inclusion by saying that their child may be looked or treated differently, resulting in self-esteem issues and/or bullying. Like I stated before, including an individual is usually looked at as good thing. So when schools, and parents evaluate incorporating full-inclusion into the classroom, they usually get a laundry list ways it could benefit not only the child with the disability but everyone in the classroom. Many believe that including students with disabilities in both academic and non academic settings can strengthen them socially and strengthen the way the interact with non-disabled peers. This also brings up the argument that non-disabled students can deeply benefit from interacting with their peers of disabilities (Wehmeyer, 2003). Inclusion can build patience and understanding within a classroom, and at a young age show students how to be accepting of all people. Also including children with disabilities in a Gen. Ed classroom is likely to have little academic impact on the other students, but could even enhance the learning environment by adding more teachers in the classroom for extra help. The community can also benefit from inclusion. With an increase in peer interaction and social experience, students with disabilities will be able to gain the skills necessary to contribute to their community once their educational career is over. Personally, I believe not only children with server disabilities can greatly benefit from being included in the classroom, but everyone involved in the classroom can benefit from Inclusion. Theres a lot to be said for the schools pushing interaction between disability students and non disabled students. It gives the opportunity for children to grow morally, and develop a greater understanding of acceptance. We saw the affect Peter had on his classmates, and the tremendous social growth they gained over the coarse of the year. There are students like Peter in classrooms all around the country, that can offer a deeper understanding of life. It goes to show just because you might be different doesn’t mean you don’t belong. I think its truly important to incorporate inclusion into the classroom and that positives out weigh the negatives. With that said, I also believe that there are somethings the Gen Ed classroom cant accommodate for. Many students with disabilities rely on having that learning center or special ed classroom where they can go and get fully accommodated and proper one-on-on attention is absolutely crucial. Spending time with special ed instructors, with individualized lessons can be a lot more affective than keeping up with the pace of the Gen ed curriculum. My opinion from the beginning of the year hasn’t really changed. Coming into this class I knew that having students with disabilities incorporated with the day-to-day class time was important. Yet at the same time I knew how important the special education classes are and how helpful they can be for the academic progress of these students. My case study really proved that. My student needed that place to go when he felt lost or over whelmed. Full-inclusion would have been too much for him.

Strategic Position For The Future Of Sabmiller Commerce Essay

Strategic Position For The Future Of Sabmiller Commerce Essay In the brewery industry, SABMiller, which has been operating across six continents, is now one of the worlds leading brewers. Regarding of the business environment, the company has started from a developing country, South Africa, and has successfully entered into both developed and developing markets through acquisitions and joint venture. According to the financial report for the last five years, the company has been doing quite well (SABMiller, 2012). For the strategic capabilities, the firms resources and competences are taken into account. Firstly, in 1950, the firm was able to move its headquarters from London to Johannesburg in order to expand its business in Southern Africa due to the restriction of trading between the country and the international businesses. Secondly, the firm is able to raise capital through its listing on the London stock exchange. Thirdly, the firm has entered into the global market by acquiring some major brands such as Dreher from Hungary, Miller from USA and forming a joint venture in China. Then, the company also has made other acquisitions, joint ventures and brewery investments in other countries in recent years. However, acquisition may not be applied for SABMiller anymore in the future because of fewer larger transformational deals and lower prospects of high financial of returns. About the management structure of the firm, it practices decentralization as local managers understand deeper about t he local businesses (Johnson, Whittington and Scholes, 2011). 3.2 The new vision statement, mission statement and the strategic objectives Vision The best in the world in providing the most various choices for beer drinkers Mission Increase product portfolios Find more business partners Provide the most comfortable working environment Strategic objectives Increase profit to 15 % annually Increase the sale of premium beers Forming more joint ventures with local brands Upgrade the latest technology in administration and manufacturing. As time goes by, SABMiller has been growing larger enormously through acquisitions and joint ventures, and it has almost earned much profit from these business deals. Therefore, a new vision statement for the firm is to be the best in the world in providing the most various choices for beer drinkers. In order to support the vision, SABMillers mission is to increase more product portfolios for the consumers. The firm will find more business partners to grow bigger and bigger in the brewery industry. The firm will provide the most comfortable working environment that employees will be most satisfied and efficient by providing the most advanced- technological conditions. Those missions must be carried out in specific strategic objectives. First of all, the firms aim is to increase its profit by 15 % annually. Secondly, It needs to increase more types of beer, especially international premium beers to meet the rising demand in emerging markets. Thirdly, it also needs to find out more opportunities for growth with its existing product portfolios through joint ventures in local brands. Finally, the firm needs to upgrade the latest technology in administration as well as manufacturing, so the employees will feel more convenient and put more effort in their work. 3.3 Three alternative possible strategic options for SABMiller The first strategic option recommended for the firm would be the product development, which deliver new products into the existing markets. In terms of Generic strategies, this strategy should focus on differentiation by building more premium types of beer. The reason is that the beer consumption is growing in these emerging markets, and the people here are earning more (Simon, 2012); therefore, they are willing to pay more for their drink as well. Another reason is that consumers nowadays still prefer high quality beer during the economic crisis (Nadine and Simon, 2012). Although this strategy will fall into question marks in the Bostons BCG matrix as these premium beers are totally new products, they are more likely to turn into stars as the market share is growing, and the consumers will pay more as well. Product development is also a strategy belongs to the Ansoff matrix, so SABMiller needs to add more new premium beers to its brand portfolios in the existing markets such as in C hina, Latin America and South Africa, which are also emerging markets. The second strategic option would be the market development, which the firm will penetrate into new markets with the existing products. Even though the target markets here are Africa and Asia, which SABMiller has already entered, it can actually bring more brands from North America, Latin America and Europe to these countries due to the lack of its brand portfolios in these two regions. This is also a cost-focus strategy, based on the Generic strategies, for the firm as the costs of labor and raw materials in African and Asian countries such as China and Vietnam are cheaper, so it is an advantage for the company to cut costs in manufacturing. In terms of the BCG matrix, this option also fall into a question mark as local brands from Europe, for instance, are new in Africa and Asia. However, there will be a high chance to become a star within a short time as consumption is rising up in these regions. Market development is another strategy belongs to the Ansoff matrix as the firms curr ent products portfolios from North America, Latin America and Europe are totally new for consumers in African and Asian countries. The last option, which SABMiller is capable of doing and actually has succeeded before, is joint venture. Based on the case, the firm can consider entering into a joint venture with Dos Equis Brewer Fomento Economico Mexicano (FEMSA) from Mexico, or EFES Breweries International from Turkey. According to Generic strategy, this can be known as a cost-focus strategy for SABMiller because these two brands are currently doing alright in emergent markets like Latin America, Africa and Asia; therefore, SABMiller is able to have a good start as it is also operating businesses prosperously in these markets. In the BCG matrix, both SABMiller and these two brands are having high market share and growth in those emergent markets with their current product portfolios; therefore, if joint venture takes place, there will be no doubt that SABMillers market share and growth will boost up continuously. In terms of Ansoff matrix, this strategic option actually help SABMiller increase its market share i n its current markets, Latin America, Africa and Asia with the current and combined product portfolios of both the firm itself and it partners (Johnson, Whittington and Scholes, 2011). Lower cost Differentiation Broad target Cost leadership Differentiation Narrow target 3 2Cost focus 1Differentiation focus Competitive advantage Competitive scope Table 1: Porters Generic strategies Market share High Low High 3Stars 2 1Question marks Cash cows Dogs Market growth Low Table 2: BCG matrix Products / services Existing New Existing 3Market penetration 1New products services New 2Market development Conglomerate diversification Markets Table 3: Ansoff matrix Strategic options 1 Product development 2 Market development 3 Joint venture 3.4 The most recommended strategic options for SABMiller Out of the above three strategic options, join venture would be a great move recommended for SABMiller. In fact, the firm has succeeded in forming joint ventures with others firm, so it clearly shows that the company is capable of doing such kind of thing. Furthermore, the two considerable firms for forming joint ventures, FEMSA and EFES, are doing quite well in Latin America, Africa and Asia, where SABMiller is also having a good taste with its business, so it will be an advantage for SABMiller as it can achieve more growth, reduce competitors in these markets. In addition, forming joint ventures also helps SABMiller to expand its product portfolios into other current markets. To sum up, forming a joint venture can be seen as a safer option as the current product portfolios are star products with high market share, while the other two option might be a little bit riskier as the products and the markets are new and unpredictable to measure successes.

Fun with Education Essay

In a general sense, ‘education’ means a form of learning process in which knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training and research. Accordingly, education aims at the physical, intellectual, spiritual and moral development of man. Education merely does not give knowledge to a human being and enabling him to earn his livelihood. But it does much more than this. Nowadays, what we can see the society as a future teacher is the students do not have an interest in learning by the way of ‘chalk and talk’ anymore. They prefer something new from the teachers which are more interesting and fun. One of the most effective ways is including games in teaching and learning process. Education can be fun through games. As a sports teacher, we can build our student’s potential. Games are a mean of keeping the body healthy and fit. Indeed, good health is the first condition of happiness in life so those who play games generally maintain good health. For example, sports teacher can create interesting games that can help students in building up their critical thinking skills besides physical strength. They can learn different types of skills such as throwing, passing, and kicking in sports like basketball, football and others. On top of that, education can also include songs which are forms of entertainment. In this way, we can make our class more interesting and students will be entertained. From the song lyrics, we can polish our student’s language and vocabulary besides making learning more fun. They can also learn to express their emotions through songs as songs can be a good cure for stress. Furthermore, education can be fun through role playing. We can involve our students act out a drama which may help to improve their acting skills and self confidence. Indirectly, they will be able to express their thoughts through role-play in a form of voice projection, facial expression and also body language. Apart from that, they can strengthen their memorizing skills too. This is because they need to memorize their scripts. As we know, the world we are living today is technology dominated and everything can be done fast and furious. For examples, cell phones, instant coffee machine, one hour-photo shops and internet can help us to complete our task in a short time. In short, technology makes the world moves faster than the past. But, education does not have any shortcut for us to reach the destination. We must learn step by step. Practice makes perfect. So, we take time to achieve our goals in the field of education. In a nutshell, we can make education fun in many ways such as games and songs. Thus, we can make our classroom full of joy and students will not feel bored while learning from the teachers. Besides, students will be able to think out of the box. With this, the goals of ‘fun in education’ could be achieved.

Trendsetter: Negotiation and Term Sheets

Entrepreneurial Finance: Negotiating with Venture Capitalists: Trendsetter Inc. TEACHING ENTREPRENEURIAL THOUGHT & ACTION 20 March 2012 Richard T. Bliss, PhD Trendsetter Inc. Learning Objectives 1. The entrepreneur/VC relationship 2. Exposure to deal term sheets 3. Moving beyond valuation 4. VC negotiations 2 The Entrepreneur/VC Relationship Entrepreneur VC 3 The Entrepreneur/VC Relationship †¢ Provisions to address adverse selection ? due diligence ? staging/milestones ? se of convertible preferred shares †¢ Provisions to facilitate monitoring/control ? rights to information and board seat ? employment contracts and termination rights †¢ Provisions to enable harvesting †¢ Protection of standing ? anti-dilution provision ? preemptive rights and right of first refusal 4 Case Discussion Questions 1. Calculate the pre- and post-money valuations for Trendsetter under both term sheets. 2. What would the payoffs to the founders and the VC be if Trendsetter is acquired i n a transaction that values the firm at $10 million? 25 million? 3. What are the main differences and similarities between the two term sheets? 4. If you were the entrepreneur and could not negotiate any of the terms in either sheet, which one would you prefer and why? 5. How would you seek to alter the terms in each term sheet during negotiations with the venture capitalists? 5 Trendsetter Inc. Overview 6 Term Sheets: Key Provisions 1. Valuation 2. Dividends 3. Liquidation preference 4. Election of directors 7 Valuation – Mega 8 Valuation – Alpha 9 Dividend – Mega 10Dividend – Alpha 11 Liquidation Preference – Mega 12 Liquidation Preference – Alpha 13 $45 Liquidation Preference and Investor Value $40 $35 Value of Ownership Stake $30 $25 $20 Alpha: Series A $15 $10 $5 $0 $5 $10 $15 $20 $25 $30 $35 $40 $45 $50 $55 $60 $65 $70 $75 Alpha: Founders Mega: Series A Mega: Founders Venture Value 14 Election of Directors – Mega 15 Election of Directors – Alpha 16 Scorecard Provision 1. Valuation 2. Dividends Winner Reason(s) 3. Liquidation 4. Directors 17 Trendsetter Inc. Questions? 18

What are the Differences Between Extroverts and Introverts

What are the Differences Between Extroverts and Introverts The popular belief in society is that extroverts love to talk and introverts are shy. While this might be true for some people, it is not true for all extroverts and introverts. Just like with most things in life, there is a lot of nuance to extroverts and introverts. Take a look at the infographic presented by OfficeVibe  for a better understanding of the differences between extroverts and introverts. Some of these may even apply to you.

Views on the British Empire essays

Views on the British Empire essays There are several attitudes towards the empire expressed in the music and visual material provided. The key attitude of the British toward the Empire is patriotism, which naturally is followed by pride, then in turn developed in self-righteousness and ego. The strong sense of patriotism grew when the British power provided peace and wealth.  ¡Ã‚ §Days of plenty and years of peace; March of a strong land ¡s swift increase; ¡ as Henry H. Bennett wrote in The Flag Goes By. Citizens were brought up in an environment that taught them to love Britain. The  ¡Ã‚ §Empire-day Catechism ¡ of League of the Empire, informed the duties of a British citizen:  ¡Ã‚ §To be the loyal friend of all fellow subjects of the King-Emperor ¡K To prepare himself by every means in his power to advance the welfare of his fellow citizens, whether in peach or war... ¡ These words were like blueprints for a patriotic British heart. The patriotism fostered hasn ¡t perished yet; there is still an an nual concert in London performing patriotic music. The words of Pomp and Circumstance March in D Major, by Edward Elgar echoed in the great hall  ¡Ã‚ §Land of Hope and Glory, Mother of Free, ¡ the audience sang with loyalty,  ¡Ã‚ §How shall we extol thee, who are born of Thee! ¡ Although patriotism was the incipient reaction of the citizens, there is no doubt that this feeling produced ego. Arrogance was inevitable; The Empire ¡s size alone had the charisma to attract pride! The Catechism said the extent of the Empire was twelve million square miles; it took up one-fifth of the earth ¡s surface. There ¡re a total of 400 million subjects of King Edward, which is also about one-fifth of the world... ¡ All the contemporary pieces reflected grand pomposity of the empire. They were loud and thick in texture with roaring melody lines. Brass and percussion instruments were popularly used to represent the glory of the empire. Poetry-wise, The Flag Goes By cleverly expressed the people ¡...

Competing Values Skills Assessment Leadership Research Paper

Competing Values Skills Assessment Leadership - Research Paper Example In this paper, we will try to look at the competing value assessment framework and its efficiency in nurturing successful organisations as well as explaining how the various personal traits direct an individual’s choice of leadership roles Competing value assessment framework type of leadership matches specific environments with certain and specific roles, for instance a broker and an innovator role can be directly matched with communication and creativity environment. Successful leadership involves joggling between the eight roles in competing value assessment framework that include monitor role, coordinator role, director role, producer role, broker role, innovator role, mentor role and facilitator role. When a leader or a manager is taking a certain role, the role is mainly influenced by his personality characteristics and traits hence that determine his leadership style and how well the manager performs in his roles. Personal traits have also been found to affect the cognitive, interpersonal and work styles that a manager will use to reach the set target of goals, the five-factor personality model which includes agreeableness, emotionality, extroversion, conscientiousness and openness were found to be related to effective transformation and transactional behaviour, army officers leadership effectiveness and problem solving capabilities (Leung & Bozionelos 2004). The theory of competing value framework is divided into four quadrants that are based on the eight activities that create value as they have been highlighted above, each of the four quadrants is named with a verb that best explains it such as control, compete, create and collaborate. Leaders who run successful organisations have perfected one or more of these four quadrants however with time most of the leaders and organisation tend to move towards one of the quadrant in which they specialise and his means

Consumptive Tourism and Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Consumptive Tourism and Sustainability - Essay Example This essay discusses that ecotourism is considered to be non-consumptive use of the environment. However, many researchers and people within the industry consider some forms of consumptive tourism to also be ecologically sound, and to aid in the protection of the environment. Wildlife tourism is becoming increasingly popular as society becomes more highly urbanised and less natural habitat is available, particularly for those from the western world. Tourists exhibit a growing desire to directly interact with the natural environment, particularly environment that is relatively untouched by humans. Wildlife is a relatively recent term, and has only been included in dictionaries since 1961. The exact use of the term depends on the context, and it is often used with strong emphasis on game animals. However, a more general definition considers wildlife to included non-domesticated vertebrates, and can also include some invertebrates and plants if they are considered to be important. Human s have shown an increasing interest in being near, and interacting with the natural environment, particularly wildlife. This has cumulated in a high interest in wildlife tourism. Wildlife tourism exists in both consumptive and non-consumptive forms. For example, non-consumptive wildlife tourism includes activities such as animal watching, habitat and nature-based tours. Consumptive forms of ecotourism include activities such as sport and trophy hunting, and actively remove animals from the environment. However, despite that fact that this form of tourism is often viewed as being detrimental to the environment, supporters argue that this is actually more beneficial for the environment than non-consumptive forms of tourism (Novelli et al., 2006). Moral standpoint One of the strong arguments against consumptive tourism is that animals should never be killed for personal pleasure or satisfaction. People in developed society tend to reject consumptive tourism as a potential means of sust ainability as the result of moral objections. The perception is that there should be no forms of wildlife use that involve killing. Because of this perception, animal rights organisations place strong pressure on the governments of developing countries to prevent all forms of tourism that involve killing (Novelli et al., 2006). Economic viability Consumptive tourism requires a large area of the environment to be successful. Wildlife viewing and other forms of non-consumptive tourism requires only a small geographical area to be effective, and consequently the return per unit of land is much higher than that of consumptive touris

Appreciation of works of art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Appreciation of works of art - Essay Example Asymmetry is evident in the painting because there is an imbalance of the number of people on the right and on the left sides. On the right side of the painting where a group of people are gathered, the space from which they are staying creates a sense of depth to the viewer through the use of hatching. Looking at the portrait, one could almost understand that behind the opening or door from which the people are standing; there is a deeper space wherein more people could be present, or at least it is a path where the people entered through. The lines that are used also create distance. From the viewer’s point of view, since there are no borders used on the edges of the painting, there is a distance created wherein one can see a front and a back side. The lines at the back of the three people on the center make the setting look narrower at the back, suggesting that it is farther than where the three characters are located similar to how things are seen in reality. For instance, when something is near a viewer, it is big and clear enough for someone to see the details. However, as the viewer stays farther away from the object, it becomes smaller and can only be determined largely by its shape. This is what happens in the painting. Since the back wall is shown to be bounded by width and height in contrast to the open space on the ‘front’ of the people, it appears to be farther away from the viewer and therefore, creates distance. Moreover, Pilate is shown to be nearer the viewer than the other characters. This is done by completing every detail that shows the man washing his hands, seated on his chair with all his raiment and other uncovered part of his body visible. In contrast, the man pouring the water on the basin seems to be a little farther behind Pilate because some parts of his body are covered such as his leg. The basin in front of him covers his left leg so that the illustration looks realistic creating an illusion that makes him appe ar to be located a bit farther than the main character. The same is true with the man standing behind with a green robe. His feet are not shown, suggesting that they are covered by the man seated on front of him. Consequently, space is created as well because of the distance that is portrayed by the lines mentioned earlier. Pilate seems to be sitting right in the middle of the room because there is a space left on the front which seems to be bare. This is effectively done by placing the chair of Pilate a few squares away from the bare floor. In addition, the distances between the figures such as between Pilate and the people show the spaces created in the picture as well. The placing of the people also creates the illusion of space in a similar fashion as described above. For instance, the hands of the two men behind the man in green robe on the right side of the painting show a sense of distance and space. The hand of the man in red turban does not only seem to be father behind the hand of the man in front of him but it also creates some space between them. Symbolism could also perhaps be evident in the painting. For instance, it is known that Pilate did not find any crime committed by Jesus so that he did not like to crucify him. However, since the people are becoming wild in their demands, he had to make a decision that he was not really satisfied about. To keep the peace and order of the community, he had

Policing Practices and Operations Essay Example for Free

Policing Practices and Operations Essay Law enforcement officers have many duties. Law enforcement officers are sworn to serve and protect society as well as to fight crime. They also maintain order within their jurisdiction, as well as providing other services that the community will benefit from. Most of the time, police officers are considered to be crime fighters, in which this image has been brought to citizen’s attention by the media. The styles of policing should match the community in which they serve, so there is no conflict between the community and the law enforcement officer. The future policing structure does have a huge impact socially, economically, and politically within the community and the police departments general needs so that they can provide the proper policing that is needed. Life threatening situations take place in different circumstances, which includes the law enforcement agencies. Dangers Law enforcement officers face being wounded or murdered as they are on the line of duty in the United States, every year. The greatest threat a police officer will ever face is bodily harm and death. When a law enforcement officer is called to a scene and responds to a disturbance call, the law enforcement officer is confronted with the possibilities of violent actions from an armed suspect. Although, bodily harm as well as death upon a law enforcement officer are not the only dangers in policing. Family issues and stress related illnesses also can be contributing factors to the danger of a law enforcement officer and policing. Law enforcement officer’s jobs can surely take a toll on their lives as well as their well-being. If the pressures of their type of work are handled and coped with property, it could end up becoming life threatening. Today’s law enforcement officers are faced with many dangers within their everyday duties, like rival threats of getting shot. Examples are: vehicle pursuits, traffic control, and foot pursuit, stress, making an arrest, and sun exposure/duty equipment and biohazard exposure. These dangers are exposed to law enforcement officers on a daily basis. This is why it is important for law enforcement officers to wear their bulletproof vests as well as their belts that contain pepper spray, radio, handgun, baton, and handcuffs. All of this specified equipment usually will weigh up to about twenty pounds, which adds stress to the law enforcement officers hips, feet, knees, and back areas. Stress to the law enforcement officers body by getting in and out of their patrol vehicle up to about fifty times within one day, as they have to wear all of their equipment. Law enforcement officers are exposed to the extreme temperatures for many hours at a time. They may have to be in extreme heat c onditions, such as one hundred degree heat, while conducting traffic control at a scene of an accident. They also sometimes have to provide crime scene security when the weather may be in freezing conditions. Law enforcement officers are at the mercy of all weather conditions. Also, a lot of the times law enforcement officers are called to a scene and they are not properly prepared for it because of the weather conditions and they do not have the time to stop somewhere to get what they need to prepare themselves. They may have to stand out in extremely hot or freezing weather without the proper protection they may need or hydration they so desperately have to have. Law enforcement officer’s physical dangers have to be dealt with as well as trying to always be ready for the worst. As this can add so much mental and physical stress upon the law enforcement officer. They have to be aware of their surroundings and environment all the time. Law enforcement officers have to be alert as well as being prepared for all situations that may occur. The officer will rarely have time to get prepared for an emergency call. They have to sometimes rely on the training the received to be able to make important, split second decisions that are based on different circumstances. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks gained the attention from all the departments within law enforcement. Within the federal policing agencies, they took precautionary measures to make sure that the people of  the United States were safe. Even though, the local and state agencies have managed to keep the people’s fears under control within the United States and communities as well. All of the agencies in the United States have to work fearlessly on preventing and reducing the citizen’s fears caused by terrorism. When terrorism is looked into, law enforcement agencies and Homeland security across the world are very imperative that the agencies try to work together in solving the crimes by using shared information and by having departmental as sistance. All in all, terrorism is always a danger for law enforcement officers. Statistics As reports were published by the National Police Officer Memorial Funds said that in 2010, officer’s fatalities treacherously rose. There was a two year drop of law enforcement mortalities in 2010 that rose to 160. This was intensified by about forty percent compared by looking at the year before. The data gathered by the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund indicated that for the thirteenth consecutive year, the number one cause of law enforcement officers deaths were contributed by traffic fatalities, within thirty nine states. Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia were also involved in law enforcement officer’s related deaths in 2010. Within the third consecutive year in a row, Texas, Florida, and California were ranked on top of the five states that involved the most of law enforcement fatalities. The Federal law enforcement Officers had a total of eleven law enforcement officers that were lost, including the Federal agents that lost their lives in the line of duty during 2010, along with United States Customs, two United States Border Patrol agents, and three Border Protection officers. According with the Federal Bureau of Investigations (2011) website, it stated that fifty-six law enforcement officers were killed in the line of duty. Thirty two law enforcement officers that were among the fifty-six, were employed within city police departments. Thirteen of them were employed for law enforcement agencies within cities of a population consisting of 250,000 or more people that reside there. In Puerto Rico and twenty two other states, there was also line of duty deaths as well. There were fifteen law enforcement officers who lost their lives in ambush situations as well. There were fourteen law enforcement officers that lost their lives in felonious attacks while involved in arrest situations. There were eight law enforcement officers that were killed when they were investigating suspicious persons/circumstances. There were seven law enforcement officers that were killed while working on traffic stops/pursuits. Six law enforcement officers were killed while answering to disturbance calls. There were three law enforcement officers that were killed while they were involved in tactical situations, like high risk entry, barricaded offender, hostage situations, etc. There were two law enforcement officers that were killed upon conducting investigations while searching, interviewing, and looking at surveillance. And one law enforcement officer was killed as they were maintaining custody of a prisoner or while transporting a prisoner. With future policing, I feel that it is important to have close communication with the homeland security. I personally feel that the more communication there is, the more we will progress and bring better policing skills. It is equally as important to have communication with all law enforcement agencies to help in improving all policing operations that are dealt with. In future policing, the importance of keeping law enforcement agencies relationships maintained will build better and stronger agencies. With the relationship within law enforcement agencies and homeland security are not as accurate as seemed. It is understood that all agencies serve different purposes, as they are all in charge of different types of areas within society to serve and protect. I believe that joining forces with other agencies would be beneficial. It would be beneficial because by all working together, there could be issues that could be addressed a lot better. Along with lack of communication among law enforcement agencies and homeland security, we would be able to better handle the various criminal issues better. I feel that this can also improve community policing and law enforcement relationships. With the new technology equipment that police officers receive, they can work on their policing styles, such as being reactive or proactive. Once these issues are changed, there will be better communication with other law enforcement agencies, as they would be able to serve and protect in much more positive ways. This will decrease crime rates as well as increasing practices that  are reactive. As crime rates decrease, and proactive and reactive practices are being practiced, then the start of confidence will show within all law enforcement agencies. Although, there are many differences in the power as well as the authority, responsibilities and roles, and the difference in jurisdiction at the local, state, and federal levels within law enforcement officers. It is clearly apparent that all of the dangers within them remain equally the same. References American bar association. (2011). Standards on urban police functions. Retrieved from http://www.americanbar.org/publications/criminal_justice_section_archive/crimjust_standards_urbanpolice.html Federal bureau of investigations. (2011). Officers feloniously killed. Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/leoka/leoka-2010/officers-feloniously-killed Crime in America.NET. (2011). Law enforcement fatalities dramatically increase in 2010. Retrieved from http://crimeinamerica.net/2011/01/04/law-enforcement-fatalities-dramatically-increase-in-2010/

Positive Portrayal of Native Americans in the Film, Dances With Wolves

Positive Portrayal of Native Americans in the Film, Dances With Wolves The film Dances With Wolves, attempts to change our stereotypical view of Native Americans, as savage and uncivilized people, by allowing us to see life from their perspective, helping us to realize that many of their experiences are not all that different from our own. The main setting of the film is the Great Western Plains of North Dakota. John Dunbar comes to discover the west before it is completely destroyed through settlement and what he actually finds is a group of people that he comes to understand and love, for all of the qualities that he finds within their individual lives. The Sioux soon become a part of John Dunbar's experience not only in the west, but in his life as well. Through his eyes, the viewers begin to see that these Native Americans are not what they are expected to be, but instead are civilized and are companions that can have strong relationships. An important element of the film is the way that it sets us up to respect John Dunbar, for the qualities that he has. One of these qualities is bravery. In the beginning of the film, Dunbar is shown in a battle and he decides to get on a horse and ride across the front lines of his enemies fearlessly looking into the very faces of those whom are supposed to be his greatest enemies. This seems to be a foreshadow of the first meeting of Dunbar with the Sioux Indians, because like in the opening scene, he is unafraid to look into the face of a man who would usually be considered his enemy. After John Dunbar has ridden across the front lines twice, he falls from the horse out of mere exhaustion and is taken care of immediately. To show that Dunbar is valued by those around him, the do... ...views of these people and what they are expected to be, is taken away as the viewer realizes that the life of the natives is very common and understandable. This film almost goes to prove that often the reason that a certain group is tagged by prejudice views, is because little is known about where they are coming from, how they live or what they are experiencing in life. The film Dances With Wolves does a good job of proving that often our stereotypical views of others are inaccurate, and that the Native Americans of the west were not all that different from the whites that also inhabited the plains. Works Cited Costner, Kevin, dir. Dances With Wolves. Perf. Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene, and Rodney A. Grant. 1990. Videocassette. Orion, 1991. Reference Encarta Page. 16 Mar. 1999. "Sioux". 13 Oct. 2001.http://encarta.mns.com/find/Consise    Positive Portrayal of Native Americans in the Film, Dances With Wolves Positive Portrayal of Native Americans in the Film, Dances With Wolves The film Dances With Wolves, attempts to change our stereotypical view of Native Americans, as savage and uncivilized people, by allowing us to see life from their perspective, helping us to realize that many of their experiences are not all that different from our own. The main setting of the film is the Great Western Plains of North Dakota. John Dunbar comes to discover the west before it is completely destroyed through settlement and what he actually finds is a group of people that he comes to understand and love, for all of the qualities that he finds within their individual lives. The Sioux soon become a part of John Dunbar's experience not only in the west, but in his life as well. Through his eyes, the viewers begin to see that these Native Americans are not what they are expected to be, but instead are civilized and are companions that can have strong relationships. An important element of the film is the way that it sets us up to respect John Dunbar, for the qualities that he has. One of these qualities is bravery. In the beginning of the film, Dunbar is shown in a battle and he decides to get on a horse and ride across the front lines of his enemies fearlessly looking into the very faces of those whom are supposed to be his greatest enemies. This seems to be a foreshadow of the first meeting of Dunbar with the Sioux Indians, because like in the opening scene, he is unafraid to look into the face of a man who would usually be considered his enemy. After John Dunbar has ridden across the front lines twice, he falls from the horse out of mere exhaustion and is taken care of immediately. To show that Dunbar is valued by those around him, the do... ...views of these people and what they are expected to be, is taken away as the viewer realizes that the life of the natives is very common and understandable. This film almost goes to prove that often the reason that a certain group is tagged by prejudice views, is because little is known about where they are coming from, how they live or what they are experiencing in life. The film Dances With Wolves does a good job of proving that often our stereotypical views of others are inaccurate, and that the Native Americans of the west were not all that different from the whites that also inhabited the plains. Works Cited Costner, Kevin, dir. Dances With Wolves. Perf. Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene, and Rodney A. Grant. 1990. Videocassette. Orion, 1991. Reference Encarta Page. 16 Mar. 1999. "Sioux". 13 Oct. 2001.http://encarta.mns.com/find/Consise   

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 1

Elena Gilbert stepped onto a smooth expanse of grass, the spongy blades col apsing beneath her feet. Clusters of scarlet roses and violet delphiniums pushed up from the ground, while a giant canopy hung above her, twinkling with glowing lanterns. On the terrace in front of her stood two curving white marble fountains that shot sprays of water high into the air. Everything was beautiful, elegant, and somehow familiar. This is Bloddeuwedd's palace, a voice in her head said. But when she had been here last, the field had been crowded with laughing, dancing partygoers. They were gone now, although signs of their presence remained: empty glasses littered the tables set around the edges of the lawn; a silken shawl was tossed over a chair; a lone high-heeled shoe perched on the edge of a fountain. Something else was odd, too. Before, the scene had been lit by the hel ish red light that il uminated everything in the Dark Dimension, turning blues to purples, whites to pinks, and pinks to the velvety color of blood. Now a clear light shone over everything, and a ful white moon sailed calmly overhead. A whisper of movement came from behind her, and Elena realized with a start that she wasn't alone after al . A dark figure was suddenly there, approaching her. Damon. Of course it was Damon, Elena thought with a smile. If anyone was going to appear unexpectedly before her here, at what felt like the end of the world – or at least the hour after a good party had ended – it would be Damon. God, he was so beautiful. Black on black: soft black hair, eyes black as midnight, black jeans, and a smooth leather jacket. As their eyes met, she was so glad to see him that she could hardly breathe. She threw herself into his embrace, clasping him around the neck, feeling the lithe, hard muscles in his arms and chest. â€Å"Damon,† she said, her voice trembling for some reason. Her body was trembling, too, and Damon stroked her arms and shoulders, calming her. â€Å"What is it, princess? Don't tel me you're afraid.† He smirked lazily at her, his hands strong and steady. â€Å"I am afraid,† she answered. â€Å"But what are you afraid of?† That left her puzzled for a moment. Then, slowly, putting her cheek against his, she said, â€Å"I'm afraid that this is just a dream.† â€Å"I'l tel you a secret, princess,† he said into her ear. â€Å"You and I are the only real things here. It's everything else that's the dream.† â€Å"Just you and me?† Elena echoed, an uneasy thought nagging at her, as though she were forgetting something – or someone. A fleck of ash landed on her dress, and she absently brushed it away. â€Å"It's just the two of us, Elena,† Damon said sharply. â€Å"You're mine. I'm yours. We've loved each other since the beginning of time.† Of course. That must be why she was trembling – it was joy. He was hers. She was his. They belonged together. She whispered one word: â€Å"Yes.† Then he kissed her. His lips were soft as silk, and when the kiss deepened, she tilted her head back, exposing her throat, anticipating the double wasp sting he'd delivered so many times. When it didn't come, she opened her eyes questioningly. The moon was as bright as ever, and the scent of roses hung heavy in the air. But Damon's chiseled features were pale under his dark hair, and more ash had landed on the shoulders of his jacket. Al at once, the little doubts that had been niggling at her came together. Oh, no. Oh, no. â€Å"Damon.† She gasped, looking into his eyes despairingly as tears fil ed her own. â€Å"You can't be here, Damon. You're†¦ dead.† â€Å"For more than five hundred years, princess.† Damon flashed his blinding smile at her. More ash was fal ing around them, like a fine gray rain, the same gray ash Damon's body was buried beneath, worlds and dimensions away. â€Å"Damon, you're†¦ dead now. Not undead, but†¦ gone.† â€Å"No, Elena†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He began to flicker and fade, like a dying lightbulb. â€Å"Yes. Yes! I held you as you died†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Elena was sobbing helplessly. She couldn't feel Damon's arms at al now. He was disappearing into shimmering light. â€Å"Listen to me, Elena†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She was holding moonlight. Anguish caught at her heart. â€Å"Al you need to do is cal for me,† Damon's voice said. â€Å"Al you need†¦Ã¢â‚¬  His voice faded into the sound of wind rustling through the trees. Elena's eyes snapped open. Through a fog she registered that she was in a room fil ed with sunlight, and a huge crow was perched on the sil of an open window. The bird tilted its head to one side and gave a croak, watching her with bright eyes. A cold chil ran down her spine. â€Å"Damon?† she whispered. But the crow just spread its wings and flew away.